M Helsdon

Some of my thoughts on the subject, all non-canonical, but I've spent quite a bit of time researching wounds and warfare: Weapons and Wounds In a shield-wall or phalanx, a fighter in the front ranks is most likely to sustain injuries to the head, lower legs and forearms. Wounds to the legs will incapacitate a foeman and allow an easy kill as they lie on the ground, or they may be trampled underfoot; often these injuries are on the right shin, where a right-handed warrior will be closest to their foe. Forearm wounds are often defensive injuries when the loss of a shield or weapon means that the arm is used to fend off the blow. In a phalanx, an enemy’s spear may pierce a shield and penetrate the left arm or chest behind it. The head is an obvious target; even if the attack does not pierce a helmet, the target might be disorientated or knocked unconscious. Sling-bullets, maces and clubs may all cause depressed skull fractures, difficult to treat if survived because of the resulting bone splinters, and often immediately fatal. In the ordered battle-line, soldiers are most likely to take injuries on the left side, from right-handed opponents. When a formation breaks, those who flee are most likely to suffer injuries to the back of their bodies. Members of the rear ranks are frequently not as well armored as those at the front. Lacking the same protection, they are more vulnerable to injuries to the chest and abdomen. The head and forearms of infantry are most prone to injury by a mounted attacker, and conversely, the rider is prone to leg and thigh wounds as the easiest part of the body for infantry to reach. Different weapons cause different injuries: piercing, cutting, crushing. Slashes and cuts, if not leading to catastrophic blood loss, may heal naturally if the wounds are cleaned and bound. A combination of lesser wounds can lead to unconsciousness or death due to blood loss. Deep piercing wounds are more problematical if they puncture vital organs, and are more likely to be fatal. Both spears and arrows can penetrate deeply into the body, via a relatively small entry wound. Whilst a warrior might be pierced by numerous arrows and survive, spear wounds, especially from a sarissa, lance or kontos are more deadly, penetrating body armor, and perhaps coming out the other side. The added impetus of a mounted lance or kontos makes them yet more deadly. Many stabbing weapons are twisted on exit to increase the size of the exit wound. The three blades of a trilobate arrowhead make it difficult to staunch bleeding because it is difficult to close and stitch together the edges of the jagged entry wound. Barbed arrows and javelins are more problematic to remove without tearing the flesh. Sometimes it is necessary to allow the surrounding tissue to putrefy and soften before attempting extraction. Ironically, armor can complicate the treatment of wounds where a spear- or arrowhead is still in the body, as it must be taken off before attempting to treat the injury. The shaft effectively pins the armor to the body. Bludgeoning wounds crush tissue and break bones. It can be no coincidence that a stout helmet is said to have been the earliest piece of armor, when clubs were among the simplest weapons. A severe blow to the head is often sufficient to disable an enemy even if they are not slain. A severe injury to the left or right side of the skull will cause long-term paralysis on the opposite side of the body. Crush injuries are often larger in extent than those caused by a blade or arrow, and take longer to heal naturally. Incendiary weapons and magic can cause severe burns, resulting in blistering and severe tissue damage. Certain materials bring their own hazards. Iron is poisonous to elves and trolls, but bone and stone weapons can be a threat to anyone. Blades and arrowheads of these materials can leave slivers deep in a wound, impeding healing. Bone is also porous, meaning that it can be soaked in poison, or even dipped in dung. A few weapons have magical properties, including potent curses, that may afflict their victims – and sometimes their owner. Though relatively rare, potent weapons often bear a curse that they will at some point cause the death of their wielder. Magic healing, discussed later, can often mitigate many wounds that are not immediately fatal. Wounds and Disease Damage to the body often leads to inflammation or putrefaction, and sickness and disease will claim many who survive combat if they are not quickly treated. Even if not intentionally poisoned, wounds may draw disease spirits. Some Lhankor Mhy scholars speculate that this is because the integrity of the soul is broken by foreign matter left in the wound, weakening the natural spiritual immunity to such entities. They note that punctures of the gut are particularly deadly in this regard. Magical Healing Healing The availability of magical healing often permits fighters to survive wounds that might otherwise be disabling or deadly. However, this rarely lessens the trauma of sustaining such injuries, and Gloranthan warriors are frequently scarred or mutilated physically and mentally. Champions and wealthy warriors can often heal themselves in the midst of combat, if they risk the distraction. Poorer fighters must instead rely upon a fortunate comrade or upon a healer. Battles are bloody affairs, and despite the widespread traditions of the honor and glory of war, they remain scenes of carnage and terror. The opportunity for a soldier to heal themselves or be healed in the press of a shield-wall or phalanx is often limited, unless their comrades in the next rank can pull them back from the fray to where a dedicated healer might aid them. If a fighter falls, they are liable to be trodden underfoot by the enemy or by their own comrades. When advancing over the fallen, an enemy will often casually stab incapacitated foes, simply to ensure they do not recover and then assail them from the rear. If a severe wound is taken to the chest or head, then even a fighter with healing magic cannot heal themselves. If they can, they may staunch the blood loss but still need assistance to remove the weapon, if it is still in the wound. Some wounds are beyond the capability of magic to easily heal, and whilst fighters may survive, some are inevitably crippled for life. Gloranthan warriors are more likely survive but the incidence of lost eyes, limbs, hands or fingers is high. In dire peril or dying, fighters may beg their deity to save them, and sometimes this happens. A War God, however, is likely to return their worshipper to the fray with little concern for their fate. Resurrection Resurrection is available, but often reserved only for senior officers, champions, and Heroes and their companions. It is also not without cost, for even if it works, the subject may return with a loss of knowledge and skills, and may suffer from Relife Sickness, unable to fully cope with their return to life. Some may be attracted to cults associated with the Death Rune if they are not already initiated into one. As soldiers, they are more likely to throw themselves into deadly situations, such as attempting to break a shield-wall by grasping an enemy’s shield or be among the first through a breach in an enemy wall or to clamber up an assault ladder. Such warriors are militarily useful, but their comrades are wary of their obvious death wish. As officers or warleaders they are more likely to take risks that will get themselves and their soldiers killed. Heroes and demigods can often bring themselves out of the Land of the Dead and return with little apparent change to the world of the living. This is not a reliable process, and history is full of tales of Heroes who eventually failed to return.

Um, no. The losing side takes most casualties when it routs. Most opponents will take the opportunity to take their enemies in the back as they try to flee. Heavy cavalry is most effective against a disordered foe, but often won't or can't pursue as far as light cavalry. Given the limitations of battlefield communication (even with magic) units in battle often can't tell what is happening beyond their own boundary, unless they are not engaged, or are in the rear and see their side streaming away. An army often breaks piecemeal, until individual companies or regiments fleeing turns into a full scale rout. A general may be able to order their reserve to retreat, and individual unit commanders (often at the company/century level) may be able to hold their troops together to attempt to retreat in good order, but they may be isolated and surrounded, and be overrun. The only case where this might not happen is relatively small-scale conflict between neighbors, especially if they are closely related, and there's an agreement that the defeated won't be pursued. However, such agreements are rare, and not always held to. Actual figures of casualty levels vary, but a routing army often takes four or five times the casualties of the victors. It can depend on terrain (if they are trapped by a river, ravine etc. then a total loss is possible), the weather, time of day (if the enemy aren't trolls, the defeated may have an advantage in the dark) and on the quality of their officers and 'NCOs'.

Page 10: ancient races, elves, dragonewts, dwarves, and trolls – usually in the form - ancient races, Elves, Dragonewts, Dwarves, and Trolls Page 12: fisherfolk – should be – fisher-folk – or – fisher folk Page 13: Hiia Swordman – should be - Hiia Swordsman Page 14: wintergrown – should be – winter-grown – or – winter grown Page 14: longabandoned – should be – long abandoned Page 14: durulz – might be in italics Page 16: Derik PolJoni – should be - Derik Poljoni Page 19: nationmaker – should be – nation-maker – or – nation maker Page 20: Tylenaea – should be – Tylenea Page 39: bloodcrazed – should be – blood-crazed – or blood crazed Page 40: twosticks – might be in italics Page 44: mountless – might be – mount-less – or dismounted Time spent today: 2 hours. This concludes this pass. Please note that my best hit-rate is around 60% per pass, so this list will not be definitive.

Treatment of Prisoners Sometimes ordinary prisoners are slaughtered or mutilated on the battlefield or sacrificed to the more bloodthirsty War Gods, other times ransomed or sold as slaves. Ransom Wounded prisoners are often killed or left to die; healing and first aid are reserved for friends and comrades, unless the prisoner can offer a ransom or might prove a useful hostage or source of intelligence. Feuding Orlanthi clans will usually ransom captured foes. In war between nations, often only important enemies are held for ransom or as hostages. A certain professional courtesy is observed between mercenaries, as captured colleagues are unfortunate members of the same profession. High ranking officers are ransomed, whilst ordinary mercenaries are disarmed and sent on their way, or may be offered a new contract and pressed into service. Such enlightened behavior is not universal. As feeding and billeting captured foemen would be expensive, common soldiers may be slain or enslaved if the victor is not interested in taking the time to obtain a ransom. Human Sacrifice War captives are a ready supply of potential sacrifices. Criminals, rebels and prisoners are regularly sacrificed in Temples of the Reaching Moon to feed Yara Aranis and power the Glowline; their tortured souls are bound forever to the temple as slaves and guardians. An even worse fate is being fed to the Crimson Bat. Many of the darker Earth cults frequently make human sacrifices to their deities. In Oraya, human sacrifice by Earth and Lunar cults associated with Hon-eel, including Naveria and various unusual Oria cults, is more widely practiced than in the other satrapies. Since the time of Hon-eel, Karantes the Red City has been a center for human sacrifice. The rites of Maran Gor involve sacrifice and cannibalism. Ana Gor is the goddess of human sacrifice and the sovereign power of Dragon Pass. Her priestesses sacrifice humans, often captured enemies, to Humakt, Maran, Babeester Gor, Ty Kora Tek and the darker aspects of Ernalda. Slavery Slaves may be taken in raids or as prisoners of war. The slave trade is a lucrative source of wealth. Most Pelorian cultures use slaves and many Orlanthi keep thralls. Captives are commonly put to work as field or herd workers. The customs of much of the Holy Country are similar. A cult of freedom there opposes the practice, but does not try to force freedom upon unfeeling owners, and Kethaela imports slaves from the surrounding lands, including from the West via the Manirian Road. The treatment of slaves in Solar, Lunar and Storm cultures are not very different. Slave estates in lowland Peloria, and smaller manors in the Lunar Provinces are economically important, providing income for the nobility. The grantlands provided to Lunar veterans often include a population of slave laborers. The life of slaves varies; those who are household servants or concubines to nobles, thanes, and priests are generally well treated; those with useful skills may work as valued artisans in workshops; women may be set to work weaving in manufactories; field slaves do back-breaking work on the farms and their lives are often short. Even more unfortunate are those sent to the quarries or mines. Others might be sent to fight and die in a distant gladiatorial arena. Slave status is often indicated by close-cropped hair and leather slave-collars. Captured warriors working in the fields are chained by the neck or hobbled so that they cannot run away. Recalcitrant and frequent run-aways are secured in heavy bronze slave collars. Only magically powerful prisoners are held in the expensive slave bracelets and collars imported from far-off Vormain. These bind the wearer's souls, thereby insuring their passivity and greatly reducing any chance of escape. Such potent captives are often ultimately destined for sacrifice or execution. When raiding other peoples, slaves are often ranked ahead of horses, cattle, and trade metals as prizes. Slaves captured in war and cross-border raids are a common sight in many marketplaces. Slave auctions are regularly held in Tarshite cities of newly taken war captives. The town of Slavewall, as its name denotes, is the site of a major slave market dealing with captives from as far away as Balazar and Prax. The tribes of Prax constantly raid each other and take captives as slaves. Pimper’s Block is a thriving slave market on the border between Dragon Pass and Prax, where warriors come to sell their conquered foes. Some captives are kept as slaves, wearing leather thongs about their necks as a mark of their status, and they do much the same work they did while with their own tribes. Some may be adopted or married into the tribe of their captor. In Pent, slaves are common, often taken from another tribe during the incessant raiding or in raids on the Lunar Empire. Male slaves are often gelded. Zangshi Kinool in the Kingdom of Ignorance is the location of an important slave market for the Pentans, with even captives from far-off Peloria being sold there.

A valid comment, which I advise you to make on the Tribal Edit Thread for Glorantha Sourcebook thread.

As per a comment on another thread, it would be helpful if the Cosmos map on page 2 (page 7 of the PDF) were labelled, or if the caption identified the continents. Perhaps, something like: The Cosmos of Glorantha. The world of mortals lies upon the "lozenge" of Earth, with the continent of Genertela to the north, bordered by the ice of Valind's Glacier, and the continent of Pamaltela to the south, bordered by the fiery desert. At the center, Magasta's Pool is a monstrous whirlpool draining into the Underworld.

There's a full Cosmos map on page 2 (page 7 of the PDF) but the continents aren't labelled. Will add this as a comment to the other thread. Perhaps a caption reading something like: The Cosmos of Glorantha. The world of mortals lies upon the "lozenge" of Earth, with the continent of Genertela to the north, bordered by the ice of Valind's Glacier, and the continent of Pamaltela to the south, bordered by the fiery desert. At the center, Magasta's Pool is a monstrous whirlpool draining into the Underworld.

The Storm pantheon seems to be associated with the colors blue, orange, white. The blue is possibly not just the 'sky' blue as that's a result of Water invading the Sky, but also the color of an electric discharge - the color of lightning. The number of arms may relate to the number of Winds, and also imply the Movement of Air in motion.

Page 153: and contains his personal annotations, which have been included here in the footnotes – no footnotes. Suggest this be deleted. Page 155: To the west – suggest - To the west, Page 159: also knon as Doskalos – should be - also known as Doskalos Page 160: Karash'arll – on page 162: Karash'aril [Which is correct?] Page 161: He was reknowned – should be - He was renowned Page 175: subchiefs – should be – sub-chiefs Page 176: When they do – should be - When they do, Page 180: Phornostes – should be – Phoronestes [reported this in 2016] Page 180: the Emperor began a great patronship – should be - the Emperor began a great patronage Page 183: assimililated – should be – assimilated Page 186: Sheng Seleris’s purge – should be - Sheng Seleris’ purge [As per usage elsewhere] Page 188: personal sacrific – should be - personal sacrifice. Page 205: a person could effect wide-ranging effects – suggest - a person could influence wide-ranging effects – or - a person could compel wide-ranging effects Page 7: The feud between Orlanth and the Red Moon now threatens to destroy Glorantha. Dragon Pass is the main battlefield of this feud – suggest - The strife between Orlanth and the Red Moon now threatens to destroy Glorantha. Dragon Pass is the main battlefield of this feud. Page 119: war-like – should be – warlike Page 6: war-like – should be – warlike Page 52: winglike – should be – wing-like [thought I’d made this comment, but not in my list] Page 42: paragraph starting: The Sartarite army was smaller – indent missing. [These seem to be holdovers from the format in old issues of WF] Page 87: GATA is the Primal Earth – should be - Gata is the Primal Earth Page 87: land god is PAMALT – should be - land god is Pamalt Page 89: ASRELIA is the name – should be - Asrelia is the name Time spent last night: 1 hour. Time spent today: 3.5 hours.

The number of ruined God Time cities in Prax and the Wastelands suggests that many of the inhabitants of Genert's Garden were builders. Even the monkeys. The Animal Nomads are effectively living in a post-apocalyptic environment, and have neither the inclination nor the technical skills to build large structures. Instead, they have the skills necessary to live in such an ecologically degraded land.

Page 133: all the universe was in confusion – should be - All the universe was in confusion Page 134: Roman numerals – should be - Arabic numerals Page 137: Osentalka - suggest this might be in italics Page 138: This is consistent with how Choas – should be - This is consistent with how Chaos Page 140: Arkat had became the Destroyer he saught – should be - Arkat had become the Destroyer he sought [Believe I’ve reported saught before] Page 141: far east – might be – Far East Page 147: of celestial and Underworld powers – suggest - of Celestial and Underworld powers

From this point using page numbers at the bottom of some pages. Page 49: landclearing – should be land-clearing Page 51: lizardlike – should be – lizard-like Page 52: swordlike – should be – sword-like Page 52: lefthanded – should be – left-handed Page 52: horsesized – should be – horse-sized Page 52: klanths – might be in italics. Page 53: jolanti and nilmergs – proper names might have a capital letter and/or be in italics. Page 53: truestone – should have a capital letter and/or be in italics. Given a capital letter on the next page. General: Krjalki might be in italics Page 62: rout.But – should be - rout. But Page 66: Great Elementals.. – should be - Great Elementals. Page 70: because she embodied all of the mystical – suggest - because she embodied all the mystical Page 70: all of subsequent reality – suggest - all subsequent reality Page 70: Thus. Individuals – should be - Thus individuals Page 71: the burtae spread to the edges of Glorantha – should be - the Burtae spread to the edges of Glorantha [See usage elsewhere] Page 73: realm of his descendents – should be - realm of his descendants Page 74: Aamor or Aanor (twice)? Both used on page. Page 79: Deathound – might be Death-Hound – elsewhere in document Deathhound Page 79: underworld – should be – Underworld Page 84: The terms indicates – should be - The term indicates Page 84: In this way there was made – might be - In this way, there was made Page 87: One Hundred Twenty Four – might be - One Hundred Twenty-Four – or - One Hundred and Twenty-Four Page 87: earthful – not a real word, perhaps – earth-full – or – Earth-full Page 89: The earth system – might be – Earth system Page 89: protomyth – should be – proto-myth Page 90: sheafs – might be – sheaves Page 97: luxates – proper names might have a capital letter and/or be in italics. Page 98: Star Path – should be - Star Path. Page 100: rulership – suggest – ruler-ship – or – rule Page 100: rulership – (second instance) suggest – reign Page 102: rulership – suggest – rule Page 104: different forms: an Old God – might be - different forms: An Old God Page 111: forebode – tense reads oddly, perhaps – presaged Page 111: overstructure – might be – over-structure Page 112: It is a unique, celestial phenomena – should be - It is a unique, celestial phenomenon Page 112: seven day – might be – seven-day Page 112: Manthi – should probably be – Manthie Page 113: klanth – should be in italics? Page 113: utuma – should be in italics? [General comment] Page 115: foolmaker – should be – fool-maker Page 118: solar religion – might be - Solar religion Page 127: The endless bickerings and jealousies – should be - The endless bickering and jealousies Page 128: At the end of the Gbaji Wars, Arkat the Destroyer ravaged the land and the goddess of Dorastor, leaving material and magical ruin – suggest - At the end of the Gbaji Wars, Arkat the Destroyer ravaged the land and the goddess of Dorastor, leaving mundane and magical ruin. Page 129: aldryami – usually – Aldryami Page 129: dragonewts, aldryami, trolls – most other such lists have the form - Dragonewts, Aldryami, Trolls Page 131: (note the Green Dragon head) – dragon head seems to have been cropped out of the picture! The top seems to be just visible in Orlanth’s hand. Either improve layout or delete reference. Page 132: Arkat’s final incarnation was as the Destroyer, a monstrous incarnation of destruction – suggest - Arkat’s final incarnation was as the Destroyer, a monstrous manifestation of destruction Page 220: two volume - might be – two-volume (Also skimmed pages 211-213 today) Time spent today: five hours.

Afraid the unpleasant exercise to translate outstanding 2016 comments to 2018 pdf pages took over eight hours over the weekend. Will start to use document page numbers. However, as I'm reading the document offline, it isn't possible to check for previously reported comments, except during the brief time I have to be online each day, and that will require more effort. The 2016 checking took forty to fifty hours plus, and this exercise is likely to take as long. Simply working through the charts yesterday afternoon took two hours.

Something entirely unofficial...

Page reference below refer to page numbers within the pdf, not the number on the pages. Comments on charts (some duplication with earlier comments) Warning: when checking the genealogical charts, I assumed that the charts were wrong, and the text was correct. Looking at King of Sartar, from which the charts are mostly derived, I have concluded that the charts may be correct, and the text may be wrong. Unfortunately, the text in King of Sartar also disagrees with the charts in that book. The same goes for some of the spelling of names. Obviously, if dates in the chart or text are wrong, they throw out subsequent dates. Either the discrepancies are intentional, or the charts or text are wrong. I’m not in a position to determine which; I can only identify that there’s a potential issue here. Long ago I checked the text of King of Sartar, but didn't see the charts until it was published. The Feathered Horse Queens Page 23: Yorastina – might be - Yoristina Saronil (1497–1552) – page 29 says he died in 1550 Verala Tor (1544–1582) Feathered Horse Queen (1565–1582) Queen of Dragon Pass (1575–1582) – Page 22 says Queen of Dragon Pass 1579 to 1582 Saraskos (1575–1597) – Page 31 says Saraskos was killed in the Holy Country in 1587 The Illaro Dynasty Page 28 Palashee Long Axe – should be - Palashee Longaxe Pharandos – should be - Pharandros Sartar Dynasty House of Saronil Page 30 Featherd Horse Queen – should be – Feathered Horse Queen “Reaches Furthest” – on page 22 - Reaches Farthest Ernalsor - King of Sartar names Sartar’s father as Ernalsar Saronil (Born 1497) 2nd Prince of Sartar (1520–1552) – page 29 says he died in 1550 Yorastina (Born 1496) – should be - Yoristina Jarolar (Born 1519) 3rd Prince of Sartar (1552–1557) – Page 29 says - Crowned in 1550, died in 1565 Jarosar (Born 1535) 4th Prince of Sartar (1557–1561) – Page 29 says - Crowned in 1565, died in 1569 Featherd Horse Queen “Mother of Lands” – should be – Feathered Horse Queen “Mother of Lands” Enerin “Iron Eye” – on page 46 - Enerin Ironeye Yorastina – should be - Yoristina Yaransor – on page 29 - Yaransoar Sartar Dynasty —House of Argrath— Page 51 Sarotar (Born 1518, Died 1546) Eneera Tor Featherd Horse Queen “Reaches Furthest” - Featherd Horse Queen – should be – Feathered Horse Queen - “Reaches Furthest” – on page 22 - Reaches Farthest Minara (Born 1539) Ernalsor - King of Sartar names Sartar’s father as Ernalsar Saronil (Born 1497) 2nd Prince of Sartar (1520–1552) – page 29 says he died in 1550 Yorastina – should be - Yoristina Jarolar (Born 1519) 3rd Prince of Sartar (1552–1557) – Page 29 says - Crowned in 1550, died in 1565 Onelisin “Cat Witch” (Born 1520) – usually Onelisin Cat-Witch Sorana “Millstone” – on Page 29 - Sorana Millstone Argrath (Born 1599) 8th Prince of Sartar (1627–1655) King of Dragon Pass,Kethaela, and Saird – Page 211 says - Argrath was born in 1596 Genealogy of the primary Water deities page 87 Framanth – should be – Framanthe Genealogy of the primary Fire/Sky deities page 101 Polestar – elsewhere in document – Pole Star Murharazam – should be – Murharzarm Tolat – as the other gods are given Dara Happan names might this be – Shargash Page 206 - From the Temple of the Black Arkat at Arkat’s Hold – picture has been cropped very poorly, meaning that several deities are cut off. Needs resizing. The caption also hides one deity – Lodril, and Orlanth is completely cut out of the picture! Please reconsider the formatting of this picture, as much of its artistry and detail is lost.

Palashee overturned Lunar rule in Tarsh until he was killed; he was the thirteenth king, but not of the dynasty of Lunar Kings.

Page references below refer to page numbers within the pdf, not the number on the pages. More 2016 comments still probably applicable. New material in bold. Page 72: there is variation in giving Void, Silence, Prime Mover, Well capital letters. Suggest all instances should have a capital letter. [Still true for Void and Prime Mover] Page 73: When meditations were complete – might be - When its meditations were complete Page 71: Ratslaff – should be – Ratslaf [Previously detected in text but now present in a caption] Page 31: and raised the new city of Alone – might be - and founded the new city of Alone Page 35: As a result, Moirades became the third King of Dragon Pass – third is incorrect. Guide to Glorantha says: Sacred Kings of Dragon Pass Ironhoof the Centaur: from 1120 to 1218. Yanasdros the Sun: 1260 to 1290 Arim the Pauper: 1345 to 1370 Sartar the Founder: 1492 to 1520 Tarkalor Trollkiller: 1569 to 1582 Moirades: 1589 to 1610 Text should read: As a result, Moirades became the sixth King of Dragon Pass Page 26: (chart) Pharandos (1610–Present) – should be Pharandros [I have not checked the charts thoroughly… This turned up when checking the previous comment] Page 36: King Storm Kahn – should be - King Storm Khan Page 38: Western barbarians – probably - Western Barbarians Page 76: Hykimi – might be – Hykim Page 83: mentioned elsewhere this issue – should be - mentioned elsewhere [Seems to be a hangover from the original magazine publication] Page 83: Six Earths – this phrase is not used anywhere else in the document. Suggest they be listed, under this title, in the Deities of the Earth chapter. In Context: Ty Kora Tek is also the Goddess of Dark in the Earth, mentioned elsewhere this issue as one of the Six Earths – suggests this sentence needs to be reworked; the Six Earths may have been mentioned in the magazine but not here, by that title. Page 83: god of Undead – suggest - god of Undeath Page 97: She took Sramak as a lover, and together gave birth to – should be - She took Sramak as a lover, and together they gave birth to Page 113: The five sons of Umath, by order of birth, are: Kolat, Storm Bull, Vadrus, Humakt, and Orlanth – no mention of Ragnaglar? [see page 128] Page 135: Two hundred years before the Dawn – do ‘years’ have any meaning before Time? Page 58: Individualism, Vegetarianism, Octamonism – Vegetarianism not subsequently mentioned Page 144: of the foreign cult Gbaji – might be - of the foreign cult of Gbaji Page 153: Lady of the Wild – might be - Lady of the Wilds Page 15: Inside dissension and outside enemies – suggest - Interior dissension and exterior enemies Charts: Yorastina – should be – Yoristina [Corrected in the text] Page 82: In 5/2 (1465) aged 21 – No, 20. Table previously made to attempt to sort this out: Age 4/36 1445 4/37 1446 1 4/38 1447 2 4/39 1448 3 4/40 1449 4 4/41 1450 5 4/42 1451 6 4/43 1452 7 4/44 1453 8 4/45 1454 9 4/46 1455 10 4/47 1456 11 4/48 1457 12 4/49 1458 13 4/50 1459 14 4/51 1460 15 4/52 1461 16 4/53 1462 17 4/54 1463 18 5/1 1464 19 5/2 1465 20 5/3 1466 21 5/4 1467 22 5/5 1468 23 5/6 1469 24 5/7 1470 25 Terminus Est

Chain mail (as interlinked rings) dates back to around the 4th Century BC in western Europe, becoming more common from the 3rd Century BC, and being copied by the Romans as lorica hamate. An example found at a Romano-British temple at Woodeaton was made of iron and bronze links - the bronze fittings may have been decorative. Roman Republic/Empire 'stuff' now tends to lie outside the catchment zone for inspiration for human Gloranthan cultures. For Glorantha, given the technical knowledge required, as well as the expense, it's probably best viewed as Mostali, with human smiths unlikely to have knowledge of its manufacture.

Page 18 (numbered 13): There is another tale of Hiia Swordman - in KoS (with one exception), and Sartar Companion, spelling is - Hiia Swordsman This swordsman returned in a cult of weapons masters in the time of the Feathered Horse Queen - suspect this might read - The weapon master cult of this swordsman returned in the time of the Feathered Horse Queen

Page references below refer to page numbers within the pdf, not the number on the pages. More outstanding 2016 comments, with some still probably applicable. New material in bold. Page 213: He could be approached – should be - He can be approached [Odd change of tense in sentence] Page 213: 12 meters / He is 150 meters tall – aren’t imperial measurements now the standard? Page 54: landclearing farmers - should be - land-clearing farmers Page 63: The Uz names for troll types are duplicated in successive paragraphs. Page 63: deities of darkness – should be – deities of Darkness [see usage elsewhere] Page 66: Their departure revealed a thinly populated revealed a region thinly populated by indigenous tribes previously enslaved by the nomads – should be - Their departure revealed a region thinly populated by indigenous tribes previously enslaved by the nomads Page 67: received her apotheosis by and as Arachne Solara – meaning (intentionally?) unclear Page 68: population southward downwards the extensive ruins of Pavis – Pavis is to the east! And this sentence is incomplete. Suggest - population eastwards to the extensive ruins of Pavis [It might be argued that Pavis is south of Dagori Inkarth (actually roughly south-east) but this sentence doesn’t make sense] Suggest - the leaders of Dagori Inkarth sent part of the population southwards towards the extensive ruins of Pavis. Page 142: ancient even before time began – should be - ancient even before Time began Page 142: Central Peloria gave birth to the theistic way of life – should be - Central Genertela gave birth to the theistic way of life. [This is debatable, but there were theists in Maniria and Dragon Pass] Page 145: become the Destroyer he saught to eradicate - should be - become the Destroyer he sought to eradicate Page 148: In Peloria, the tired eastern satraps – might be - In Peloria, the tired eastern satrapies Page 152: celestial and Underworld powers – suggest – Celestial and Underworld powers Page 39: rebel gods – should be – Rebel Gods [Usage elsewhere] Page 158: They eventually helped the Empire of the Wyrms Friends dispose of the decadent Dara Happan Empire, and led nations aiding in the disposal of humans and dragonewts of Dragon Pass many years later – paragraph start should be indented. Page 161: intercept at Raibanth – should be - intercept her at Raibanth Page 173: Hwarin-Ong Satrapal clan – the Guide gives: Hwarin-ony clan Page 174: Thunder River – probably – Thunder Delta – but possibly – Oslir River? Page 178: ravenkaaz – should be – ravenkaaz [in italics] Page 179: even the mighty Thunder River – the Oslir River? Page 177: During the week-long ceremony – should be - During the two week-long ceremony Page 177: Usually, each of the five Gloranthan elemental pantheons is given a day to celebrate their particular rites, and usually in the traditional Order of Creation: darkness, sea, earth, sky, and air – should be - Usually, each of the five Gloranthan Elemental pantheons is given a day to celebrate their particular rites, and usually in the traditional Order of Creation: Darkness, Sea, Earth, Sky, and Air. [Somehow, Earth has become Rarth] Page 177: smack of God-learning – might be - smack of God Learning. Page 182: daughter of Sandene, a washer woman - Page 178 says he was married to a weaving woman Page 183: future sultanate of Oraya – should be - future satrapy of Oraya Page 183: horse-peoples – should be Horse Peoples Page 183: hell – should be – Hell [General comment] Page 184: Syndic’s ban in the west – should be – Syndic’s Ban in the west Page 185: Prince Phornostes – should be - Prince Phoronestes – and shouldn’t he be – King Phoronestes Page 185: Closing of the seas – should be – Closing of the Seas Page 185: High Archpriest of Loskalm – should be - High Watcher of Loskalm Page 185: moon boats – should be – Moon Boats Page 194: In 7/53 (1624), the Voor-ash appeared in strength – paragraph start should be indented. Page 193: Steal Woods – in Hendrikiland? Page 16: of the creature. Creatures included centaurs – suggest - of the creature. They included centaurs Page 16: Kajak-ab the Braineater – in the Guide - Kajak-Ab Braineater Page 18: fight the darkness – should be – fight the Darkness Page 20: Calf-wool Stands – A pre-publication version of the Guide said Calfwool Stands, but the published Guide says Cafol. Page 24: vendref – should be in italics [two instances] Page 31: and the Beast Men – should be - and the Beastmen Page 35: Together they had a son and a daughter – according to Page 23 and 27 they had only a daughter; suggest - With the first, Harsta Orindori, he was the father of Pharandros; with the second, the Feathered Horse Queen, he had a daughter. [Perhaps this discrepancy is intentional?] Page 40: who then put his kinsman Tatius the Bright, dean of the Lunar Field School of Magic and leader of the imperial Assiday family, as commander of the siege – should be - who then put his kinsman Tatius the Bright, dean of the Lunar Field School of Magic and leader of the imperial Assiday family, in command of the siege Page 40: When the final Lunar assault came in winter 1621 – should be - When the final Lunar assault came in the winter of 1621 Page 41: Halcyon var Enkoth – in Griffin Mountain - Halcyon Var Enkoth Page 42: After the Battle of Auroch Hills – should be - After the Battle of the Auroch Hills Page 45: brightest full stage – might be – brightest full phase Pages 22 & 30: Reaches Furthest or Reaches Farthest? Both titles appear in document Page 47: Leika Blackspear – or - Leika Black Spear [Both appear on this page. I suspect the latter is correct] Page 48: Argrath aided the purple people – should be - Argrath aided the Purple People Page 48: the bat-people – should be – the Bat People Page 50: Yanioth Two-sight – There’s variation in the name: Yanioth TwoSight (page 50), Yanioth “Two Sight” (Page 51 – chart), Yanioth Two-Sight (page 211). Page 50: Onelisin cat-witch – should be - Onelisin Cat-Witch – but now there’s Onelisin “Cat Witch” (Page 30, chart), Onelisin CatWitch (Page 50) Page 50: Jarolor – should be – Jarolar Page 8: seven daughters who give their names to regions of the continent – what about Esrola, Dorasta? Perhaps they are granddaughters? Page 197: called the power of Being – might be - called the Power of Being Page 197: power of Becoming – might be - Power of Becoming Page 197: their respective forms – might be - their respective Forms Page 203: rejected that as a separate magical – should be - rejected it as a separate magical Page 8: the power of Death – might be - the Power of Death Page 205: Notbeing – possibly – Not-being – or – Not-Being [two instances] Page 183: “I am Daylight.” – should be - “I am Twilight.” [See following page - The pair have remained important in Orayan worship, and are called Twilight and Nightlight, and are worshipped with Noonlight in one temple] Page 184: One side effect of this activity was the annual tribute of red-headed infants sent by Oraya each year – ‘each year’ is redundant. Page 189: In 6/44 (1562), he reorganized the Provincial System. The Emperor confirmed Phargentes as the Provincial Overseer, but rid the office of all shirkers and cheaters, and put the scribes among them. In 6/49 (1566) Problem with the dates - 6/44 (1562) and 6/49 (1566) cannot both be correct: 6/40 1557 6/41 1558 6/42 1559 6/43 1560 6/44 1561 6/45 1562 6/46 1563 6/47 1564 6/48 1565 6/49 1566 Six pages of 2016 comments remain to be checked…

Some of these outstanding 2016 comments have already been reported, but are duplicated here. New material in bold. Page 11: Pendarli lion people - should be - Pendali lion people Page 12: place of Pamalt - should be - Place of Pamalt [See page 8 Place of Genert] Page 12: Suam Chong - twice, should be - Suam Chow [Now only once] Page 70: Rune masters, demigods - should be - Rune Masters, demigods Page 73: Dragon Pass residents are certain of three - should be - Dragon Pass residents are certain of four Page 75: Thus. individuals were able - should be - Thus individuals were able New: Index doesn’t seem to pick up picture captions e.g. Orenoar only listed once. Page 78: omnipresent spectre of Death – not US spelling? Should be - omnipresent specter of Death Page 93: This was during the Golden Age, conmythory - no idea what the last word should be. [Later discussion indicated this is obscure slang for a mixture of myth and history. It jars.] Page 99: thrust himself up from deep – might be - thrust himself up from the deep – or - thrust himself up from the depths Page 99: Jorestl - is this the correct name? Page 97: Ralia is the daughter of Gata and Genert – no mention that she is the land goddess of Ralios. In the previous version, Seshna Likita was erroneously described as the land goddess of Ralios (now fixed), possibly because text had ‘slipped’. Page 98: she is the mother Kanthor and Jorestl - should be - she is the mother of Kanthor and Jorestl Page 116: Urengerum the Archer – usually named as Sagittus? Page 132: She is known to have been killed by the god of entropy sometime during the Great Darkness – Page 125 tells us explicitly that he/she was killed by the Unholy Trio. Whilst this is an intentional example of mythic uncertainty, the contradiction sits uneasily in one chapter. Page 85: order and chaos – suggest - Order and Chaos Twenty-one pages of 2016 comments still to check… On a positive note, so far three pages of 2016 comments were incorporated into the 2018 version.

Checking through old comments, noticed that the Page Headers require attention. The Elder Races is the header from page 11 through to 47 throughout the History of Dragon Pass chapter. Page 141 lacks a header (should be Time).

Last night I was shocked to find that typos reported in 2016 were missed – possibly due to lost edits? So today, I have started working through the old comments to identify those outstanding. There were 25 pages of comments made in 2016… New additions are in bold. Page numbers below relate to pages in the PDF, not page numbers on a page. General: Humaktsson or Humaktson? Both appear in the document: the former twice, the latter three times. [Number of instances has changed.] General: sometimes creation is given a capital letter, often not. General: pantheon sometimes given a capital letter, sometimes not. General: war god or War God (and goddess). Appears with capital letters and without. General: Found Child or Foundchild? Both versions used in the document. General: Underworld or underworld? The former seems correct but both forms appear in the document General: Heroquest or heroquest? Both forms appear in the document General: dark troll – should be – Dark Troll General: great troll should be – Great Troll General: wane – should be – Wane [Note: not universally as wane is not always used as a Lunar Wane] General: demi-god or demigod? Both used in the document. Same applies to demigoddess sea god – should be – Sea God [General comment] Storm god – should be Storm God [General comment] Sun god – should be – Sun God [General comment, also sun god] [In lastest version at least one instance of sun god] Kolati – might be in italics [General comment, and also not always given a capital letter.] utuma – should be in italics? [General comment] Earth goddess – should be – Earth Goddess [General comment] sun – often given as Sun [General comment] [see instances on page 62, 81, 85, 107, 115] dwarfs – normal usage is dwarves [General comment] hell – should be – Hell [General comment] [See instances on page 113, and on page 116] Page 34, 36, 38, 42 (twice), 43, etc.: Lunar Army – usually in this document – Lunar army [General comment] General: various units of distance used in document: miles, kilometers (and km.). I believe the current standard are Imperial units. and/or – suggest this form detracts from the style of the essay. Suggest instead use – and [General comment] surface world is sometimes Surface World. Suggest the latter should be used. And that’s just the General comments. A few will be open to debate, but usage varies throughout the document, and in the case of variations of giving things capital letters or not, messes up the Index, because the index seed used seems to consist of only one variation… I should now check the other twenty-four pages.

Page reference below refer to page numbers within the pdf, not the number on the pages. Page 36: assembled and held – suggest - assembled and held together Page 36: King Storm Kahn – should probably be - King Storm Khan Page 36: Euglyptus badly miscalculated the Sartarite – suggest - Euglyptus badly underestimated the Sartarite Page 37: During Starbrow’s Rebellion, the Dara Happan governor proved himself incompetent – suggest - During Starbrow’s Rebellion, the Dara Happan governor had proven himself incompetent [This was detailed on the previous page] Page 39: magic wards and curses – suggest - magical wards and curses Page 40/41: who then put his kinsman Tatius the Bright, dean of the Lunar Field School of Magic and leader of the imperial Assiday family, as commander of the siege – reads oddly; suggest - who then put his kinsman Tatius the Bright, dean of the Lunar Field School of Magic and leader of the imperial Assiday family, in command of the siege Page 40: came in winter 1621 – should be - came in the winter of 1621 Page 41: At Orlanth’s High Holy Day, 1621 – something awry with the chronology here. Orlanth’s High Holy Day is in Storm Season (equivalent to the winter) but if ‘the Lunar celebration was only 11 weeks old’ then Whitewall must have fallen in Earth Season (fall/autumn) so the earlier statement that it fell in ‘winter 1621’ must be wrong or 11 weeks is wrong. Page 42: proLunar – should be – pro-Lunar Page 42: away by spear men – should be - away by spearmen Page 42: Dehori – might be – dehori [in italics] Page 43: despite betrayal by the Western Barbarians – should be - despite the betrayal by the Western Barbarians [the barbarians defected to the Lunars and did not cause their defeat.] General: western barbarians or Western Barbarians? Both usages present in the document. Page 44: tributegatherers – should be – tribute gatherers Page 44: King Moirades sent his own general – should be – King Pharandros sent his own general [Moirades has been dead for fifteen years] Page 44: In Sun County, a rival claimant to the office of Sun County – reads oddly. Perhaps - In Sun County, a rival claimant to the office of Count Page 44: Earth Season, ele, 1625 – ‘ele’ should be a date given in Runes? Page 45: 10 meters – I believe Glorantha now uses old Imperial measurements so – 10 yards? [Metric measurements aren’t very mythic… Personally, in the real world I prefer the metric system, but the effect here is jarring.] See also: 32 kilometers; 16 kilometers; several kilometers long; etc. Page 46: alliancemaking – no such word. Suggest – alliance making – or – alliance-making Page 46: sworddance – suggest – sword dance – or – sword-dance Page 46: companions and households – might be - companions and household Page 46: Battle of the Queens – named Battle of Queens on page 214, and only the latter appears in the index. Page 47: Leika Blackspear or Leika Black Spear? Both variants appear on this page. Page 48: proLunar sympathies – should be – pro-Lunar sympathies Page 48: incohesive – suggest – incoherent – or - estranged Page 48: giant’s cradle – might be - Giant’s Cradle [as per usage on the next page] Page 48: batpeople – should be – bat people – or more likely – Bat People [see GtG] Page 49: one of the Merchant Prince of Maniria – should be - one of the Merchant Princes of Maniria Page 49: wandered across Genertela, even traveled to the East Isles – should be - wandered across Genertela, and even traveled to the East Isles Page 49: as blue as his god – might be - as blue as his god’s Resume at pages 54/211 Page 2: PROOFREADER: T.R. Knight – boilerplate error? Page 212: dragon-friend – elsewhere – dragonfriend [Perhaps latter is only used in a cognomen?] Page 214: meters – see previous comment. Page 214: At odd moments – should be - At odd moments, Page 215: A Snake Pipe Dancer – should be - A Snakepipe Dancer [see usage on page 218]

Page reference below refer to page numbers within the pdf, not the number on the pages. Page 26 - Tarsh to Sartar rule – might be - Tarsh to Sartarite rule Page 26: now purged of Lunars – possibly a relic of earlier documents where Hon-eel appeared at the Shaker Temple. I believe more recent documents have identified the Earth temple on Kordros Island. Page 27 - five-year dream – might be - two-year dream [as per earlier on the same page] Page 29 - On retrospect – should be - In retrospect Page 29 - Long Axe – should be – Longaxe Page 31 - burned Dunstop until the Red Emperor paid his price – reads oddly, perhaps - sacked Dunstop until the Red Emperor paid his price Page 31 - Beast Men – elsewhere – Beastmen Page 32 - from the Sartar’s Palace – might be - from Sartar’s Palace Page 34 - his 8year old son – should be - his 8 year old son – or - his eight year old son Page 34 - priests and demigods killed – might be - priests and demigods were killed [Not much opportunity to read through the document today. For several of us, this isn't the first pass through: This time, personally, I'm trying to concentrate on typos, assuming any 'factual' comments not implemented are intentional in-world 'errors'.]